Answers to Frequently Asked Questions about Microsoft Excel Dates and Times Many Excel questions are about dates and times. Chip Pearson's web page: http://www.cpearson.com/excel/datetime.htm will give you understanding of how this works in Excel , and it has lots of useful samples. Here are a very few common questions: Time Calculations How do I add times together? How do I subtract time? How do I sum the time data in the format: 5:20, 12:02, 20:12 etc. to get 50:07? I'm adding cells with seconds, i.e. 25, 50, etc... the result I'd like is 1:10 I need to calculate 0:45 minutes at 120 per hour - with an answer of 90. Date Calculations How can I enter the date into a cell so it doesn't change every day? When I copy and paste dates, they end up one day/four years wrong. How do I add 3 months to a date? What worksheet functions would emulate EOMONTH; last day of month? Excel thinks 1900 is a leap year. It's no

1. Time Calculations

How do I add times together? Just add together like any number (=A1+A2+A3). Use custom number format [h]:mm in the result cell to prevent rollover at 24 hours How do I subtract time? Just subtract, like =B1-A1. Use Calendar format 1904 if you need to display negative results; Tools/Options/Calculation and check the 1904 Date System checkbox. Note that 1904 calendar will offset all dates by 4 years 1 day, so be careful. When I try to sum the time data in the format: 5:20, 12:02, 20:12 etc. I get the value that is the real sum minus N*24, e.g.. 2:07 instead of 50:07. Use the custom number format [h]:mm to prevent rollover at 24 hours I'm adding up a large number of cells with seconds in them, i.e... 25, 50 47, etc... the result I would like is 1:10, 1:50: 2:03 Since XL stores times as fractions of days, in order to convert integers into times you need to divide the sum by (24*60*60) or 86,400 I need to calculate a column with hh:mm (formatted for TIME) against a hour rate. So 0:45 minutes needs to be calculated against 120 per hour - with an answer of 90. Now it says 3.75? 1 is a day; 24 hours. So one hour is 1/24. =A1*B1*24 will bring the desired result. Format result cell as currency or number (it tends to pick the date format by default).

2. Date Calculations

How can I enter the date into a cell so it doesn't change every day? Press Ctrl + ; (hold the Ctrl key while pressing semicolon.) Press Ctrl + : to enter the time. When I copy and paste dates, they end up one day wrong. When I copy and paste dates, they end up four years wrong. One workbook is using 1904 calendar, the other one 1900 (in the first example, years are not displayed, but definitely present). Go menu Tools>Options, Calculation and make them equal, preferably also correct if you know what the dates was supposed to be. How do I add 3 months to a date? =DATE(YEAR(A1),MONTH(A1)+3,DAY(A1)) Could someone give me the series of worksheet functions that would emulate EOMONTH; last day of month? The last day of the month equals the zero'th of next month for some strange reason: =DATE(YEAR(A1),MONTH(A1)+1,0) Excel thinks 1900 is a leap year. It's not. Yes it does and it's not. The following MSKB article explains the reason:      XL: Excel Incorrectly Assumes 1900 Is a Leap Year         http://support.microsoft.com/?id=181370

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FAQs compiled by Harald Staff, Excel MVP 2000-2005

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Last updated: April 27, 2008 5:19 PM